Return to work following spinal cord injury: a review

Ingeborg Beate Lidal · Tuan Khai Huynh · Fin Biering‐Sørensen

285 citations0/0 files storedDisability and Rehabilitation

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Disability Education and Employment Medical Practices and Rehabilitation Spinal Cord Injury Research

Abstract

PURPOSE: To review literature on return to work (RTW) and employment in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI), and present employment rates, factors influencing employment, and interventions aimed at helping people with SCI to obtain and sustain productive work. METHODS: A systematic review for 2000 - 2006 was carried out in PubMed/Medline, AMED, (ISI) Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo and Sociological abstracts database. The keywords 'spinal cord injuries', 'spinal cord disorder', 'spinal cord lesion' or 'spinal cord disease' were cross-indexed with 'employment', 'return to work', 'occupation' or 'vocational'. RESULTS: Out of approximately 270 hits, 110 references were used, plus 13 more found elsewhere. Among individuals with SCI working at the time of injury 21 - 67% returned to work after injury. RTW was higher in persons injured at a younger age, had less severe injuries and higher functional independence. Employment rate improved with time after SCI. Persons with SCI employed ranged from 11.5% to 74%. Individuals who sustained SCI during childhood or adolescence had higher adult employment rates. Most common reported barriers to employment were problems with transportation, health and physical limitations, lack of work experience, education or training, physical or architectural barriers, discrimination by employers, and loss of benefits. Individuals with SCI discontinue working at younger age. CONCLUSIONS: This review confirmed low employment rates after SCI. Future research should explore interventions aimed at helping people with SCI to obtain and sustain productive work.

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2015Modifiable and non-modifiable factors associated with employment outcomes following spinal cord injury: A systematic review 2009Assistive technology: Impact on education, employment, and independence of individuals with physical disabilities 2017The experience of attempting to return to work following spinal cord injury: a systematic review of the qualitative literature 2012“The final piece of the puzzle to fit in”: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of the return to employment in New Zealand after spinal cord injury 2015Hospital- and community-based interventions enhancing (re)employment for people with spinal cord injury: a systematic review 2017Longitudinal employment outcomes of an early intervention vocational rehabilitation service for people admitted to rehabilitation with a traumatic spinal cord injury 2012To work or not to work: labour market participation of people with spinal cord injury living in Switzerland 2014Interventions for improving employment outcomes among individuals with spinal cord injury: A systematic review

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