Article2008

Activation of latent self-schemas as a cognitive vulnerability factor for depression: The potential role of implicit self-esteem

Erik Franck · Rudi De Raedt · Jan De Houwer

62 citations0/0 files storedCognition & Emotion

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Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes Social and Intergroup Psychology Personality Traits and Psychology

Abstract

To date, only two studies have investigated implicit self-esteem in depressed individuals. Surprisingly, both studies found evidence not in line with the cognitive theory of depression. We wanted to test whether these findings are replicable by investigating implicit self-esteem using the Implicit Association Test in currently depressed (CD), never depressed controls (ND), and formerly depressed individuals (FD). The latter two groups were tested before and after a negative mood induction. The results are in line with the previous two studies suggesting no difference in implicit self-esteem between CD patients and ND controls. Moreover, before mood induction, FD individuals evidenced a higher implicit self-esteem as compared to the two other groups. Compared to ND participants, FD individuals showed a significant drop in implicit self-esteem after the negative mood induction procedure, but this was due to the higher implicit self-esteem of FD before the mood induction. These results are discussed in the light of new perspectives on implicit self-esteem and depression.

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References

1998The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.): the development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10 1998Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test.1998Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test.2003Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: I. An improved scoring algorithm.2006Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: An integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change.2003Secure and Defensive High Self-Esteem.2004Reducing the Influence of Extrapersonal Associations on the Implicit Association Test: Personalizing the IAT.2000Scientific Foundations of Cognitive Theory and Therapy of Depression.

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2012Discrepancies between implicit and explicit self-esteem among adolescents with social anxiety disorder 2010Implicit self-esteem in recurrently depressed patients 2008Implicit depression and hopelessness in remitted depressed individuals 2021Increasing the Flexibility of Implicit Personality Assessment: An Examination of a Universal Assessment Procedure of the Self

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