Eponymy, obscurity, Twitmyer, and Pavlov

Deborah J. Coon

35 citations0/0 files storedJournal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences

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Academic and Historical Perspectives in Psychology History of Science and Medicine Neurology and Historical Studies

Abstract

The discovery of the conditioned reflex is generally credited to Ivan P. Pavlov. So closely is Pavlov associated with this phenomenon that it is commonly referred to as the Pavlovian conditioned reflex. Edwin B. Twitmyer independently discovered the conditioned reflex at approximately the same time and reported the finding in 1904 at the meeting of the American Psychological Association. Unlike Pavlov's, Twitmyer's data had little impact on psychology. There have been various hypotheses to explain the failure of the field to recognize Twitmyer's discovery. These explanations are criticized and modified to reflect an emphasis on Twitmyer's and Pavlov's respective social and intellectual contexts.

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1986A comparative analysis of the conditional reflex discoveries of pavlov and Twitmyer, and the birth of a paradigm 2018The Early Years of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 2002When scientific knowledge becomes scientific discovery: The disappearance of classical conditioning before Pavlov 2000Control: A History of Behavioral Psychology 1983History of Psychology: XXXIII. On Textbook Lessons from History, or How the Conditioned Reflex Discovered Twitmyer 2018I-O Psychology from the 1930s to the Twenty-First Century

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