Article1999

Influence of Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Disorders on Young Adult Personality Disorder

Stephanie Kasen · Andrew E. Skodol · Judith S. Brook

162 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Psychiatry

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Personality Disorders and Psychopathology Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Personality Traits and Psychology

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study examines associations between childhood psychopathology and young adult personality disorder in a random sample of 551 youths, who were 9 to 16 years old at first assessment. METHOD: Subjects were evaluated for DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders. Information was obtained prospectively from youths and their mothers at three points over 10 years. The predictive effects of prior axis I disorders and adolescent axis II personality disorder clusters A, B, and C on young adult personality disorder were examined in logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: The odds of young adult personality disorder increased given an adolescent personality disorder in the same cluster. Prior disruptive disorders, anxiety disorders, and major depression all significantly increased the odds of young adult personality disorder independent of an adolescent personality disorder. In addition, comorbidity of axis I and axis II disorders heightened the odds of young adult personality disorder relative to the odds of a disorder on a single axis. CONCLUSIONS: Assessment of personality pathology before late adolescence may be warranted. Childhood or adolescent axis I disorders may set in motion a chain of maladaptive behaviors and environmental responses that foster more persistent psychopathology over time. Identification and treatment of childhood disorder may help to reduce that risk.

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References

2026Childhood and Society 1996Childhood and Adolescent Depression: A Review of the Past 10 Years. Part I 1998Axis I Comorbidity of Borderline Personality Disorder 1993An Epidemiological Study of Disorders in Late Childhood and Adolescence—I. Age‐ and Gender‐Specific Prevalence 1994Major Depression in Community Adolescents: Age at Onset, Episode Duration, and Time to Recurrence 1990Adult Outcomes of Childhood and Adolescent Depression 1994Predicting Early Onset of Male Antisocial Behavior From Preschool Behavior 1995Unipolar Depression in Adolescents: Clinical Outcome in Adulthood

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2008Comorbid Axis I and Axis II disorders in early adolescence: outcomes 20 years later.2006Development of personality disorder symptoms and the risk for partner violence.2001Childhood Depression and Adult Personality Disorder 2008Borderline Personality Disorder in Young People and the Prospects for Prevention and Early Intervention 2009Child maltreatment and trajectories of personality and behavioral functioning: Implications for the development of personality disorder

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