Single and additive effects of health behaviours on the risk for disability pensions among Swedish twins

Annina Ropponen · Pia Svedberg

27 citations0/0 files storedEuropean Journal of Public Health

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Retirement, Disability, and Employment Workplace Health and Well-being Aging, Health, and Disability

Abstract

BACKGROUND: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate single and additive effects of health behaviours for risk of future disability pension (DP) due to musculoskeletal diagnoses, DP due to mental diagnoses, DP due to circulatory system diagnoses or DP due to other diagnoses. A secondary aim was to evaluate the role of familial confounding in these associations. METHODS: A sample of 31,206 Swedish twin individuals was followed from 1998-2003 to the end of 2008 via national registries for DP supplemented with additional baseline questionnaire data. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated. RESULTS: The single effect of moderate to heavy alcohol consumption was associated with decreased risk of DP irrespective of diagnosis group in analyses accounting for background and familial factors (HR 0.42-0.88). Low frequency of physical activity (HR 1.17-1.63) or being past or regular user of tobacco products (HR 1.38-3.49) predicted increased risk for DP in all diagnosis groups. Interactions between physical activity and alcohol or tobacco consumption were significant for DP due to musculoskeletal diagnoses and mental diagnoses. CONCLUSION: Health behaviours are important risk factors for DP irrespective of diagnosis groups. The effect of health behaviours is independent from familial effects (genetics and shared environment) pointing to a direct effect of health behaviours on DP, but education, body mass index, number and severity of diseases and marital status may confound the associations. The complex interrelationships between the health behaviours revealed by interactions suggest that prevention of future DP should attempt to influence these co-existent behaviours.

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References

2012Multiple health behaviours: overview and implications 2012Can Noncommunicable Diseases Be Prevented? Lessons from Studies of Populations and Individuals 2006A prospective study of health, life-style and psychosocial predictors of self-rated health 2011Occupational social class and disability retirement among municipal employees – the contribution of health behaviors and working conditions 2008The Genetic Liability to Disability Retirement: A 30-Year Follow-Up Study of 24,000 Finnish Twins 2013Socioeconomic differences in disability retirement in Finland: The contribution of ill-health, health behaviours and working conditions 2011Health-related risk factors for disability pensions due to musculoskeletal diagnoses: A 30-year Finnish twin cohort study

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2017Association between midlife health behaviours and transitions out of employment from midlife to early old age: Whitehall II cohort study 2015Cigarette smoking and alcohol use as predictors of disability retirement: A population-based cohort study 2021Sustainable Working Life in a Swedish Twin Cohort—A Definition Paper with Sample Overview 2020The influence of unhealthy behaviours on early exit from paid employment among workers with a chronic disease: A prospective study using the Lifelines cohort

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