Psychiatric Disability Among Tortured Bhutanese Refugees in Nepal

Suraj Bahadur Thapa · Mark van Ommeren · Bhogendra Sharma · Joop T. V. M. de Jong · Edvard Hauff

62 citations0/0 files storedAmerican Journal of Psychiatry

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Migration, Health and Trauma Mental Health Treatment and Access Migration, Racism, and Human Rights

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Most refugees live in low-income countries. There is a lack of data on psychiatric disability among such refugees. The authors compared psychiatric disability in tortured and nontortured Bhutanese refugees living in Nepal and examined factors associated with psychiatric disability among the tortured refugees. METHOD: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 418 tortured and 392 nontortured Bhutanese refugees, matched for age and gender. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview, version 2.1, and the World Health Organization Short Disability Assessment Schedule were used to measure ICD-10 psychiatric disorders and disability, respectively. RESULTS: Approximately one in five tortured and nontortured Bhutanese refugees were found to be disabled. Posttraumatic stress disorder, specific phobia, and present physical disease were identified as factors associated with disability among the tortured refugees. On the other hand, present physical disease, greater age, and generalized anxiety disorder were associated with disability among the nontortured group. CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that the tortured and nontortured refugees were equally likely to be disabled. Different sets of predictors were identified among tortured and nontortured refugees, indicating the need for comprehensive psychiatric assessment of both tortured and nontortured refugees in clinical practice.

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2009The Validity and Clinical Utility of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Afghanistan 2008Prevalence of mental disorders and torture among Bhutanese refugees in Nepal: a systemic review and its policy implications 2013Common Threads: Improving the Mental Health of Bhutanese Refugee Women Through Shared Learning 2015Mental health first aid training for the Bhutanese refugee community in the United States

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