Articlegreen2008

Predicting Stuttering Onset by the Age of 3 Years: A Prospective, Community Cohort Study

Sheena Reilly · Mark Onslow · Ann Packman · Melissa A Wake · Edith L. Bavin · Margot Ruth Prior +4 more

215 citations0/0 files storedPEDIATRICS

No readable copy stored yet — this record is metadata only.

Stuttering Research and Treatment Language Development and Disorders Voice and Speech Disorders

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Our goals were to document (1) the onset of stuttering and (2) whether specific child, family, or environmental factors predict stuttering onset in children aged up to 3 years. METHODS: Participants included a community-ascertained cohort of 1619 2-year-old Australian children recruited at 8 months of age to study the longitudinal development of early language. The main outcome measure was parental telephone report of stuttering onset, verified by face-to-face expert diagnosis. Preonset continuous measures of the child's temperament (approach/withdrawal) and language development were available. Information on a range of predictor measures hypothesized to be associated with stuttering onset was obtained (maternal mental health and education levels, gender, premature birth status, birth weight, birth order, twinning, socioeconomic status, family history of stuttering). RESULTS: By 3 years of age, the cumulative incidence of stuttering onset was 8.5%. Onset often occurred suddenly over 1 to 3 days (49.6%) and involved the use of word combinations (97.1%). Children who stuttered were not more shy or withdrawn. Male gender, twin birth status, higher vocabulary scores at 2 years of age, and high maternal education were associated with stuttering onset. The multivariable model, however, had low predictive strength; just 3.7% of the total variation in stuttering onset was accounted for. CONCLUSIONS: The cumulative incidence of stuttering onset was much higher than reported previously. The hypothesized risk factors for stuttering onset together explained little of the variation in stuttering onset up to 3 years of age. Early onset was not associated with language delay, social and environmental factors, or preonset shyness/withdrawal. Health professionals can reassure parents that onset is not unusual up to 3 years of age and seems to be associated with rapid growth in language development.

Citations in this library

Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 215 citations exist upstream.

References

1989Temperament in childhood.1991Stuttering: An Integrated Approach to Its Nature and Treatment 2000Short-form versions of the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories 1984Nature and Treatment of Stuttering: New Directions 2004Connections between Temperament and Social Development: A Review 2002Epidemiology of Stuttering in the Community Across the Entire Life Span 1965The Syndrome of Stuttering 2000Childhood stuttering

Cited by

2013Natural History of Stuttering to 4 Years of Age: A Prospective Community-Based Study 2014Stuttering in relation to anxiety, temperament, and personality: Review and analysis with focus on causality 2020Involvement of the Cortico-Basal Ganglia-Thalamocortical Loop in Developmental Stuttering 2011Language Abilities of Children Who Stutter: A Meta-Analytical Review 2015Relation of motor, linguistic and temperament factors in epidemiologic subtypes of persistent and recovered stuttering: Initial findings 2011Dual Diathesis-Stressor Model of Emotional and Linguistic Contributions to Developmental Stuttering

Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.