Intentions, planning, and self-efficacy predict physical activity in Chinese and Polish adolescents: two moderated mediation analyses

Aleksandra Łuszczyńska · Dian Sheng Cao · Natalie Mallach · Katarzyna Pietron · Magda Mazurkiewicz · Ralf Schwarzer

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Behavioral Health and Interventions Physical Activity and Health Health and Wellbeing Research

Abstract

Planning is assumed to translate intentions into health behaviors. However,this may fail due to a lack of perceived self-efficacy. People do not tackle challengingtasks if they harbor self-doubts, even if they have made a good action plan. The presenttwo descriptive longitudinal studies are designed to examine the putative moderatingrole of self-efficacy in the planning-behavior relationship. In Study I (N = 534 Chineseadolescents), intentions were assessed at baseline, whereas planning, self-efficacy, andphysical activity were measured four weeks later. In Study II, 620 Polish adolescentsfilled out questionnaires assessing physical activity, intentions, planning, and selfefficacywith a 10-week follow-up assessment of physical activity. A moderatedmediation model was examined. Planning was specified as a mediator between intentionsand behavior, whereas self-efficacy was specified as a moderator of the planningbehaviorrelationship. Results confirm that levels of self-efficacy moderate the mediationprocess. The strength of the mediated effect (intention via planning on behavior)increased along with levels of self-efficacy. These results remained valid after accountingfor baseline physical activity. For planning to mediate the intention-behavior relation,might be in vain. Implications for theory advancement and intervention developmentare discussed.

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References

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