The Time Course of Age-Related Preferences Toward Positive and Negative Stimuli

Derek M. Isaacowitz · Eric Stephen Allard · Nora A. Murphy · M. Schlangel

142 citations0/0 files storedThe Journals of Gerontology Series B

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Aging and Gerontology Research Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies Face Recognition and Perception

Abstract

When and why do older adults show positive preferences in their gaze patterns, looking preferentially toward positive and away from some negative stimuli? The current study investigated the time course of older adults' preferential fixation toward positive (happy) stimuli and away from negative (angry) stimuli to discern whether such patterns are more consistent with cognitive control or with simplified processing accounts of their origins. Positive preferences in older adults were found to emerge only 500 ms and later after stimulus onset and increased linearly over time; this time course is consistent with a cognitive control account.

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1999Taking time seriously: A theory of socioemotional selectivity.1984Essentials of Behavioral Research: Methods and Data Analysis 1998A cognitive-motivational analysis of anxiety 2005At the Intersection of Emotion and Cognition 2006Selective preference in visual fixation away from negative images in old age? An eye-tracking study.2007Aging and goal-directed emotional attention: Distraction reverses emotional biases.2008Preferences for emotional information in older and younger adults: A meta-analysis of memory and attention tasks.2006Is there an age-related positivity effect in visual attention? A comparison of two methodologies.

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2016Purposeful Engagement, Healthy Aging, and the Brain 2016Thinking about a limited future enhances the positivity of younger and older adults’ recall: Support for socioemotional selectivity theory 2009Rapid Emotion Regulation After Mood Induction: Age and Individual Differences 2008Are Preferences in Emotional Processing Affected by Distraction? Examining the Age-Related Positivity Effect in Visual Fixation within a Dual-Task Paradigm

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