Sixty years later: post-traumatic stress symptoms and current psychopathology in former German children of World War II

Philipp Kuwert · Carsten Spitzer · Anna Träder · Harald Jürgen Freyberger · Michael Ermann

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research Child Abuse and Trauma Migration, Health and Trauma

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to determine the amount of trauma impact, post-traumatic stress symptoms and current psychopathological distress in a sample of former German children of World War II. METHODS: 93 participants were recruited through the local press, and assessed using the modified Post-traumatic Diagnostic Scale (PDS) and the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R). RESULTS: Subjects reported a high qualitative and quantitative degree of trauma exposure. 13.8% reported PTSD-related symptoms after the war, and 10.8% reported current symptoms. PTSD symptoms after World War II were significantly correlated with current psychopathological distress. CONCLUSIONS: In line with other studies, our data document a high degree of trauma exposure during warchildhood. In comparison with other studies on PTSD in warchildren, there is a persisting high prevalence of war-associated PTSD symptoms in this sample. Despite some methodological limitations, our data underline the urgent need for further studies on the ageing group of former children of World War II.

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References

2013Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 1997The validation of a self-report measure of posttraumatic stress disorder: The Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale.2001Childhood trauma and risk for PTSD: Relationship to intergenerational effects of trauma, parental PTSD, and cortisol excretion 2004The psychosocial aspects of children exposed to war: practice and policy initiatives 1993A preliminary study of PTSD and grief among the children of Kuwait following the Gulf crisis 2003Children Exposed to War/Terrorism 2001Mothers’ Functioning and Children’s Symptoms 5 Years After a SCUD Missile Attack 2002Children exposed to warfare: A longitudinal study

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