Risk factors associated with sexual violence towards girls in Swaziland

Matthew J. Breiding · Avid Reza · Jama Gulaid · Curtis Blanton · James A. Mercy · Linda L. Dahlberg +2 more

55 citations0/0 files storedBulletin of the World Health Organization

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Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health Child Abuse and Trauma

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To explore risk factors for sexual violence in childhood in a nationally representative sample of females aged 13 to 24 years in Swaziland. METHODS: During a household survey respondents were asked to report any experiences of sexual violence before the age of 18 years. The association between childhood sexual violence and several potential demographic and social risk factors was explored through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. FINDINGS: Participants totalled 1244. Compared with respondents who had been close to their biological mothers as children, those who had not been close to her had higher odds of having experienced sexual violence (crude odds ratio, COR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.14-3.14), as did those who had had no relationship with her at all (COR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.34-2.80). In addition, greater odds of childhood sexual violence were noted among respondents who were not attending school at the time of the survey (COR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.70-3.01); who were emotionally abused as children (COR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.50-2.79); and who knew of another child who had been sexually assaulted (COR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.31-2.40) or was having sex with a teacher (COR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.59-2.69). Childhood sexual violence was positively associated with the number of people the respondent had lived with at any one time (COR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.06). CONCLUSION: Inadequate supervision or guidance and an unstable environment put girls at risk of sexual violence. Greater educational opportunities and an improved mother-daughter relationship could help prevent it.

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References

2002The world report on violence and health 1994The international epidemiology of child sexual abuse 1998A longitudinal analysis of risk factors for child maltreatment: findings of a 17-year prospective study of officially recorded and self-reported child abuse and neglect 2001Putting women first : ethical and safety recommendations for research on domestic violence against women 1996Understanding the relationship between neighborhood poverty and specific types of child maltreatment 2004Prevalence and Patterns of Gender-based Violence and Revictimization among Women Attending Antenatal Clinics in Soweto, South Africa 2002Child abuse and neglect by parents and other caregivers.2002Rape of girls in South Africa

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2018Childhood Sexual Violence in Indonesia: A Systematic Review 2015The relationship between parental presence and child sexual violence: Evidence from thirteen countries in sub-Saharan Africa 2016Childhood Sexual Violence Against Boys: A Study in 3 Countries 2019Epidemiology of Campus Sexual Assault Among University Women in Eswatini 2012

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