Microclimate monitoring in the Carcer Tullianum: temporal and spatial correlation and gradients evidenced by multivariate analysis; first campaign

Giovanni Visco · Susanne Heidi Plattner · Patrizia Fortini · Serena Di Giovanni · Maria Pia Sammartino

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Conservation Techniques and Studies Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis Building materials and conservation

Abstract

Too often microclimate studies in the field of cultural heritage are published without any or scarce information on sampling design, sensors (type, number, position) and instrument validation. Lacking of this fundamental information does not allow an open discussion in the scientific community. This work aims to be an invitation for a different approach.Three main parameters (temperature, humidity, luminance) were monitored in a selected part of a complex construction by an inexpensive self-assembled system along some horizontal and vertical vectors. All data was then processed and analyse by chemometric methods. Some measurements of oxygen, carbon monoxide and dioxide and pressure were also performed.Correlation of some indoor and outdoor data was shown for temperature and humidity. In case of outdoor changes the indoor environment reacted with a certain delay which is position-dependent and more evident for humidity data. The two observed rooms (Carcer and Tullianum) behave differently and the hypogean one is less influenced by the outdoor environment. Instrument validation before and after the campaign, allows to consider detected variations as significant.The fundamental importance of Sampling Design and of instrument validation before and after the monitoring campaign was enhanced. The choice of two main and two minor vectors allowed detection of different behaviour for the two rooms, also permitting to detect for both rooms a trend towards a spontaneous microclimate necessary for a conservation project. In the next campaign we will focus on the choice of the best sampling frequency to use more sophisticated statistical methods.

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References

2008Conflicting needs of the thermal indoor environment of museums: In search of a practical compromise 2010Microclimate monitoring by multivariate statistical control: The renaissance frescoes of the Cathedral of Valencia (Spain)

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2019Climate monitoring in World Heritage List buildings with low-cost data loggers: The case of the Jerónimos Monastery in Lisbon (Portugal)2016A microclimate study on hypogea environments of ancient roman building 2021Evaluation of pattern recognition techniques for the attribution of cultural heritage objects based on the qualitative XRF data 2013Multivariate Thermo-Hygrometric Characterisation of the Archaeological Site of Plaza de l’Almoina (Valencia, Spain) for Preventive Conservation 2017A multivariate approach for a comparison of big data matrices. Case study: thermo-hygrometric monitoring inside the Carcer Tullianum (Rome) in the absence and in the presence of visitors 2015Optimal Sample Preparation for the Analysis of Micrometric Heterogeneous Samples 2013Software for Storage and Management of Microclimatic Data for Preventive Conservation of Cultural Heritage 2018Multi-instrumental approach with archival research to study the Norwich textile industry in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries: the example of a Norwich pattern book dated c. 1790–1793

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