Individual and Socioeconomic Contextual Effects on Depressive Symptom in Korea: Multilevel Analysis of Cross-sectional Nationwide Survey

Eun-Whan Lee · Jae‐Hyun Park

17 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Korean Medical Science

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Health disparities and outcomes Mental Health Treatment and Access Health and Well-being Studies

Abstract

This study was aimed to examine the relationship between individual, socioeconomic context and depressive symptom among Korean population. Data were the Korean Community Health Survey (KCHS), a nationwide survey collected from 253 local communities including 230,715 adults aged 19 yr or over. To identify depressive symptom, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) was used. This study employed multilevel logistic regression to analyze the hierarchical data that included individual and community level variables. The results of this study showed that people in the highest level of community income had a higher risk of depressive symptom compared with people in the lowest (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.4-1.9). In a chi-square test for trend, the prevalence of depressive symptom was significantly increased with increased level of community income among all groups of the family income (P<0.001). Moreover a significant interaction was found between household income and community mean income (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97-0.99). Among individual level variables, age, sex, education, income, living alone, and the number of illnesses were associated with depressive symptom. This study identified that the level of community income has an inverse association, and its effect is especially stronger among low income individuals.

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References

1977The CES-D Scale 2003Socioeconomic Inequalities in Depression: A Meta-Analysis 2000Gender differences in depression 2004Socioeconomic Position and Major Mental Disorders 1980A single-parameter generalization of the Gini indices of inequality 2009Neighborhood Disorder, Subjective Alienation, and Distress 2000State income inequality, household income, and maternal mental and physical health: cross sectional national survey 1985Psychiatric Disorders

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