Kedudukan Perempuan dan Aktualisasi Politik dalam Masyarakat Matrilinial Minangkabau

Abstract

Minangkabau is a unique ethnic group in West Sumatera, wich has matrilinial system where the social life is ruled by Adat (norm, social value, religious), social life covered by network between; uncle, nephew and women it s called bundo kanduang that centered to mother in big family. They governed nagari based on 3 (three) culture systems budi dan sangko; alur dan patut; anggo dan tanggo, that was ruled by the culture. This research was conducted in 2004-2006 in West Sumatra on three luhak. I.e. luhak Agam, luhak lima puluh Koto and luhak Batusangkar. This research is a qualitative research, with the approach of verstehen (understanding of the angle of the subject) and the interpretive hermeneutik (interpretation of cultural symbols). The collection of research data was using a variety of sources (1) written sources which a were directly or indirectly related to the issues discussed, (2) in-depth interviews, personal observations of autobiography, and case studies, (3) understanding the material as a participant observer; and the data analysis went along with in-depth interviews on the field, using recorder and carefully note-taking, to analyze the meaning of the symbols. The decision making was always carried out in musyawarah mufakat --in a democracy s way. That process was always accomplished in a rumah gadang (in big family house). They always hold on alam terkembang jadi guru and adat bersendi syarak, syarak bersendi kitabullah regulations.

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