Analysing the Possible Physical Impact of Flood Disaster on Cultural Heritage in Ayutthaya, Thailand

Abstract

This article aims to assess the possible physical impact of flood disaster on historical monument sites (HMS).It was found that there are six crucial disaster vulnerability factors.Of these, there are two most important factors for analysing the possible physical impact of flood, which are topography and the distance from the river.In this study 489 HMS were assessed, 294 of these were assessed as possibly being damaged by flood with extremely high, very high or high vulnerability.The field survey assessed 84 HMS as being damaged by the previous 2011 flood.The approach was based on previous studies and the application of Geographic information system(GIS) techniques and on Spatial Multicriteria Evaluation (SMCE) for identifying the disaster vulnerability areas and the priorities for HMS conservation.For the present study, this adopted approach was chosen because it allows non-experts in the field of urban planning and urban architecture to perform surveys on the steps for conservation of HMS in a data scarce environment.Moreover, the results of GIS can be verified with the field survey to deliver priorities of intervention based on the vulnerability of the HMS assets.This study also evaluates the risk factors for integrating hazard risk aspects of cultural heritage sites into conservation plans.

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