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Place has traditionally been providing the conceptual and analytic platform for the studying physical environment and its relation to food behaviour [1, 2]. Where human activities previously were closely attached to the locations of home or work perspective of human activities has shifted towards a people-based view [3, 4]. Complexity and heterogeneity of human mobility no longer appear to correspond the use of residential neighbourhoods, but stress the need for methods and measures of individual activity and exposure, along with a change in awareness of researchers that human behaviour and activity is individual/people-based and not place-based [2, 4]. Portable intelligent devices has created a series of new opportunities for convenient assessment of food choice and as a result, food and lifestyle related behaviour is increasingly becoming the subject of measurement through application of such mobile devices [5, 6]. Intelligent devices such as smartphones, touch pads, etc. increasingly becomes used by consumers not only to get online using different wireless technologies but also for self-monitoring of lifestyle. For the research community this development also offers new opportunities since the devices can also be used in a reverse mode to track the behaviour of individuals applying GPS, mobile positioning, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. Furthermore, thermal cameras offer new possibilities to track human behaviour, contrary to regular RGB-cameras where individuals are recognisable and subject for ethical issues. Application of GPS tracking within behavioural nutrition research [7] has been limited, but other research areas has embraced the technology and used it for task such as measuring travel patterns [8, 9], wildlife movement and habitats [10], exposure to toxics, pesticides or air pollution [11], following elderly with Alzheimer’s and other dementia [12], and within health research to measure physical activity [13]. Use of mobile positioning, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth signals for tracking is more novel technologies in terms of tracking and less used in research for tracking than GPS. Application potentials of Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are comparable and has been used for measuring travel time through airport security [14], travel time on freeways [15] or mapping large crowds at mass events [16]. GSM has been sparsely used in for tracking with the exception of Ahas et al. [17], who used it for GSM tracking of tourists.
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