Addressing the Spiritual Needs of African American Students: Implications for School Counselors.

Abstract

The historical tendency for educational institutions to symptomize behavior of African American children as dysfunctional or representative of mental disorder is well documented However, recent scholarship illuminates the connection between oppression, social injustice, racial trauma, and racial microaggressions as the core of stress, depression, and anxiety in African American youth. Moreover, the ethical imperative of school counselors to holistically address the concerns of clients in counseling-including spirituality-has been firmly established. Inclusion of culturally relevant spirituality in counseling may assist African American students in coping with oppression and racism while deriving personal meaning, a sense of hopefulness, and promoting healing within the context of school systems. © The Journal of Negro Education,.

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