Groupware and Public Participation for Urban Planning 1

Abstract

During the last decades, computers were mainly used for designing urban maps and storing appropriate data for urban management clerical works and to a lesser extent, for spatial analysis. But now, by means of the Internet, computer-supported co-operative works (CSCW) can be easily organised (Gronbaek et al. 1993, Malhing et al. 1995, Palmer et al. 1994, etc.). Know also as groupware those new techniques allow several persons, located in different places, to work together. This new mode of working appears very appealing for urban planners, especially for designing and assessing alternatives. One very important aspect is the use of GIS for public participation, especially facing new urban projects, but right now, few computer tools were provided to this key-issue. The scope of this paper will be to give the main elements of groupware in general, and in particular dedicated to urban planning. After some definitions, we will examine carefully the consequences on the work of urban planners. Similar new computer tools for public participation will be presented. To conclude this paper, we will give some methods to store arguments and opinions, especially coming from citizens.

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