Access to Psychotherapy in the Era of Web 2.0 – New Media, Old Inequalities? / Zugang zur Psychotherapie in der Ära des Web 2.0 – Neue Medien, Alte Ungleichheiten?

Jennifer Apolinário-Hagen · Siegfried Tasseit

11 citations0/0 files storedInternational Journal of Health Professions

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Digital Mental Health Interventions Mental Health Treatment and Access Telemedicine and Telehealth Implementation

Abstract

Abstract Background: Currently, the debate on regional and socio-structurally related treatment gaps in psychotherapeutic care increases the interest in e-mental health interventions such as the Internet-based psychotherapy, online self-help and new approaches for self-empowerment. Thus, health professionals could support informed decision-making by knowing the latest developments. However, if the ‘digital revolution’ fails to reach patients not familiar with Web 2.0, access to psychotherapies is unlikely to improve. Therefore, the objective of this review is to clarify whether online therapies should be recommended as an effective alternative to conventional psychotherapy in primary care. Methods: To investigate the research evidence of online therapies in adults within the last decade (2004-2014), a rapid review of literature was conducted by using electronic databases (i.e. Medline/PubMed, PubMed Central, Cochrane Library) to find systematic reviews, meta-analysis and clinical trials. Furthermore, a hand search in journals and grey literature was undertaken. Results: A search in PubMed for clinical trials on ‘online psychotherapy’ resulted in a total number of 245 publications. So, eight reviews and several clinical trials were chosen. Overall, mostly positive findings on the effectiveness and acceptance of online psychotherapy, primarily in the treatment of depression and anxiety disorders, were identified. Discussion: In sum, Internet-based psychotherapies have been effective in reducing symptoms of mood and anxiety disorders in clinical trials. However, due to the limited range of treatable disorders and non-representative samples (young female college graduates), external validity remains insufficient. Thus, further research is needed to determine if online therapies will be capable of improving access to psychotherapy.

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References

1989A secure base: parent-child attachment and healthy human development 2006Internet-based cognitive behaviour therapy for symptoms of depression and anxiety: a meta-analysis 2008A Comprehensive Review and a Meta-Analysis of the Effectiveness of Internet-Based Psychotherapeutic Interventions 2012Cognitive behavior therapy via the Internet: a systematic review of applications, clinical efficacy and cost–effectiveness 2007Internet-administered cognitive behavior therapy for health problems: a systematic review 2005Internet-based self-help for depression: randomised controlled trial 2009Working Alliance Inventory‐Short Revised (WAI‐SR): psychometric properties in outpatients and inpatients 2013E-Mental Health: A Rapid Review of the Literature

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2018Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Behavioral Activation Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression: Traditional and Digital Therapy Perspectives 2017Current Perspectives on e-Mental-Health Self-Help Treatments: Exploring the “Black Box” of Public Views, Perceptions, and Attitudes Toward the Digitalization of Mental Health Care

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