Over-Taxation and the Decline of the Roman Empire

A. H. M. Jones

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Classical Antiquity Studies Economic and Fiscal Studies Historical and Religious Studies of Rome

Abstract

Rarely in recorded history has there been a louder and more persistent chorus of R complaint against the taxes than under the later Roman Empire. Already under Diocletian (284-305) Lactantius declares that the burden was intolerable, and under Justinian (527-565) Procopius raises the same lament. Nor was it only the taxpayers who complained. Valentinian III in 444-5 publicly admitted that ‘if we claim these expenses from the landowner in addition to what he pays already, such an exaction will crush his last feeble strength: if again we demand them from the merchants, they will inevitably sink under the weight of such a burden.’

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1987The Trade of Medieval Europe: the North 1966The Cambridge Economic History of Europe from the Decline of the Roman Empire 1966Agrarian conditions in the Byzantine Empire in the Middle Ages 1966Crisis: From the Middle Ages to Modern Times 1987Mining and Metallurgy in Medieval Civilisation 1961RELIGIOUS DISSENT IN THE LATER ROMAN EMPIRE: THE CASE OF NORTH AFRICA 1987The Trade of Medieval Europe: the South 1987Asia, Africa and the Trade of Medieval Europe

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