Article2015

Longitudinal Investigation of Vocational Engagement

18 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities

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Disability Education and Employment Down syndrome and intellectual disability research Occupational Therapy Practice and Research

Abstract

Abstract The vocational engagement of 216 individuals with an intellectual disability was followed over a 15‐year period. Engagement was operationally defined as activity in five simple categories: competitive, supported, or sheltered employment, plus prevocational and nonvocational daytime activities. Authors sought a long‐term view of trends in vocational and nonvocational engagement among all people who were receiving residential and day supports in the U.S. state of Oklahoma, and for whom data collection visits had been conducted during the entire 15‐year period. This was intended to assess what progress toward eventual employment has been made over the past two decades, and this information was aimed toward policy initiatives related to Employment First models. Authors selected all people for whom on‐site quality‐of‐life data were collected continuously from 1994 to 2009. Their primary types of daytime activities were reported, and the number of hours in each type were submitted to analysis. The overall amount of vocational, prevocational, and nonvocational activities changed sharply during the 15‐year period. Vocational and prevocational activity declined, while nonvocational engagement more than doubled, both in numbers of people and hours. During the same time period, the number of employed individuals consistently declined, as did the total number of hours worked. The decline was primarily evident in segregated forms of vocational activity, such as sheltered workshops and prevocational activities. There was no collateral increase in the use of more integrated forms of employment. Age did not appear to be a factor in this decline. The current emphasis on Employment First models would seem to be justified in view of this sample's longitudinal engagement outcomes. However, this analysis was done in only one state, and results must be compared and contrasted to those in other states.

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References

2017The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 2001Enhanced self‐determination of adults with intellectual disability as an outcome of moving to community‐based work or living environments 2011Factors Associated With the Early Work Experiences of Adolescents With Severe Disabilities 2013The State of the Science of Employment and Economic Self-Sufficiency for People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 2011Connecting Employers With People Who Have Intellectual Disability 2011Employment First: A Beginning Not an End 2007The cost-effectiveness of supported employment and sheltered workshops in Wisconsin (FY 2002–FY 2005)

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2021Skills, Behaviors, Expectations, and Experiences Associated with Improved Postsecondary Outcomes for Students with Significant Cognitive Disabilities

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