This paper compares the behaviour of pushed or necessity driven entrepreneurs (NDEs) and pulled or opportunity driven entrepreneurs (ODEs). Drawing upon the behavioural theory of entrepreneurship, a case study approach was employed in order to gain insights into necessity and opportunity driven entrepreneurs' cognitions and actions related to success factors. The results suggest that NDEs and ODEs had similar behavioural patterns in terms of arrangement, willingness, and ability cognitions during the start-up phase of the ventures regardless of their pull or push motives. It is also revealed that ODEs experienced counterfactual thinking. In contrast, NDEs were more close to the reality and did not imagine outcomes other than those which actually occurred. Though NDEs could be forced into the realm of entrepreneurship, they could be equally likely to manage success factors effectively. The findings will potentially help the practitioners and policy makers in nurturing entrepreneurial initiatives of pushed and pulled entrepreneurs.
Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 16 citations exist upstream.
Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.