Travel Time and Distance Regarding Gender Patterns in the Paris Region: Past Trends and Forecasts to 2030

Abstract

This paper investigates the specificities and the evolution of mobility patterns of women and aging people in the most densely populated region including Paris and the departments, which has the highest gross domestic product per capita in France. Four household travel surveys available from 1976 to 2001 allow a comparison to be made of travel time during those years and also a forecast of mobility up to 2030. The chosen focus is on the distinction between constrained trips and nonconstrained trips, constrained trips being defined as trips whose destination is work, university, or school. It is observed that the constrained trips have not increased recently in regard to time and distance, after a surge in the 1980s, except for women, whose travel time and distance budgets strikingly increased. In the same period, overall mobility increased dramatically, especially as a result of nonconstrained trips for both men and women. It appears, however, that nonconstrained and constrained trips for women increased more significantly.

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