A geografia da saúde no Brasil: Estado da arte e alguns desafios

Abstract

The approach of the health-disease process of human populations was marked throughout history from different perspectives. Its jumped from religious and naturalists conceptions with prevalence until the nineteenth century to a biomedical and unicausal perspective in Modernity. In recent times - after the 1980s, the approach has privileged multicausal perspective, especially in Brazil. The geography, with interest is the spatial dimension of the health-disease processes of populations, reflectes directly this context. Its records a long period of analysis concerning diseases (Medical Topographies or Medical Geography), having most recently directed to the treatment of health care (Nosogeografia and Geography of Health Services), called Geography of Health. It is a field in full development and consolidation in Brazil, connecting geographical, epidemiological and medical knowledge. Its main challenges are related to developing the potential of application of GIS, the territorial and network-flows approach, and the involvement concerning the perspective of vernacular traditional knowledge. These challenges highlight the complexity inherent in Geography Health studies.

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