Perspective and perspectivation in discourse

Abstract

In ordinary language perspectival terms are quite common.Words like perspective, viewpoint, aspect are frequently used and easily understood, at least for the practical purposes of everyday communication.With "perspective" and "viewpoint" we refer to a position front which a person or a group view something (things, persons or events) and communicate their views.With "aspects" we refer to those sides, attributes or features in which the objects of our perception or cognition appear.These basic meanings are appropriate for everyday communication and understanding.1t is only when we sit back and reflect that we begin to understand how these terms are interrelated, namely, as perspectival terms, i.e., as elements of a perspectival structure (perspectivity).It is front a given position in space that spatial objects are viewed in one of their aspects; when the viewing subject changes his/her position or viewpoint other aspects of the same object conte into view.But ntoving around an object or moving the object itself are not the only ways of experiencing something in more than one of its aspects.Humans coexist and they communicate with other humans most of the time they are awake.Hence, they learn what others see front their vantage-points and they learn to takc the others' perspectives.Neither the experience of viewing the world front a changing point of view nor the achievement of taking another person's perspective are restricted to visual perception.In our communication with others we learn that any cognition, sensory or non-sensory, perceptual or judgmental, ntay turn out to be positionrelated.Growing up together with others and talking with them we experience the rclativity and perspectival structure of human knowledge: one and the same thing can be viewed, judged and evaluated front ntore than one viewpoint, but, above all, one and the same thing, person, event or state of affairs can be nanted and communicated in different ways.Nantes or, ntore generally, words for the same

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