Behavior Change Theories in Diabetes Self-management: A Conceptual Review

Abstract

Purpose:Thepurposeofthisstudywastoreviewbehavior changetheoriesintermsof importantvariables, concept definitions, andapplicability to diabetes self-management behavior. Methods:Sixbehavior changetheories (the Transtheoretical Model, theHealthBeliefModel,the TheoryofReasonedAction, theTheoryof PlannedBehavior, Social cognitivetheory, andInformation-Motivation-Behavioral skillsModel) werereviewedwhichwereappliedin diabetesself-management interventions. Results:Thefivekeyconceptsfromthefive non-stagebehavior change theoriesweredelineated. Based on thekeyconcepts,a theoretical frameworkwasformulatedasthe explanatory model of diabetes self-management behaviors. The four major concepts in Information-Motivation- Behavioral skills Model were included. Thecognitive armof the proposed theoretical frameworkincluded constructs related to diabetes knowledge, motivation (beliefs, attitude, social norm), self-efficacy, and intention. Conclusion: The theoretical framework described here includes the key factors of successful diabetes self- management intervention. However, the conceptof motivation needsfurtherexploration and clarification for operationalization.

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