Towards Carbon Dioxide Emission Reduction through Public Transport Revitalization: Case of Proposed Surabaya Tram Transit Project

Abstract

Automobile dependency is one of the main issues in transport planning in urban developing countries. High use of unloaded private vehicle produces highest carbon dioxide emission which is the main source of air pollution in urban area. Government of Surabaya plans to improve public transport infrastructure by reactivate tram transit system to solve congestion problem and is also believed to be a step for climate change mitigation. This paper assesses the role of tram transit in order to reduce carbon dioxide emission in Surabaya central business district. Tram transit development in Surabaya could potentially reduce private vehicle usage and minimize carbon dioxide emission produced by private vehicle. Using electricity as power, modern tram produce low carbon dioxide emission and the least compared to other transport modes. Tram investment in Surabaya will potentially be one of the most suitable transits due to low investment cost and its impact to environment.

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