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Un;\'ersily of York lntroduttioD An in-depth understanding of how our facial skeletal morphology arises during ontogeny is likely to lead to bener understanding of the evolutionary.functional,_and environmental influences that underpin variation.Thus, without an understanding of comparative postnatal growth we cannot hope to explain fuJly variation in the aduh facial skeletons of modem and fossil hominins.Funher.such understanding opens up new possibilities for practical applications such as the forensic classification by geographic subgroup of the faces of infants and juveniles as well as those of aduhs. in this chapter we will briefly review what is known of geographic variation and postnatal ontogeny in human crania before describing some of the results of our ongoing studies into interpopulation (geographic) differences and their ontogenetic basis. in so doing, we explore the possibility of classifying subaduh material in the same way as is presently routinely carried out for adults.Our recent studies have highlighted a great deal of variation within modem human ontogeny.as well as an early onset of morphologically distinct.population specific morphologies in modem humans (O'Higgins & Strand Vi()arsd6ltir.1999: Strand Vi()arsd6nir er al., 2(02).These differences in ontogeny between modem human groups can sometimes be of equivalent scale to those documented between species of non-human primates (e.g., O'Higgins er al., 2(01).This onlogenetic....Yariability needs to be kept in mind when compll!ing the development of fossil hominin species to that of a single human Pat/ems oj Groll',ll and {)el'elopmf'nt in 'he GetlWf Homo.cd.J. L. Thompson.G. E. KrovilZ and
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