The Diaphyseal nutrient foramina architecture - a study on the human upper and lower limb long bones

Abstract

The nutrient foramina are cavities that conduct the nutrient arteries and the peripheral nerves on the shaft of long bones. Long bones receive most of the interosseous blood supply from the nutrient arteries, and sometimes through the periosteal vessels. Nutrient arteries play an important role in nutrition and growth of the bones particularly during its growth period in the embryo and fetus as well as during early phases of ossification. The present study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, MNR Medical college, Sangareddy, Medak, Andhra Pradesh and Govt. Medical College, Aurangabad, Maharashtra. A study group comprised of 1320 (840male, 480 female) long bones of upper and lower limbs of known age and sex from the bone library. The number, location, direction, position and also whether the nutrient foramina obey the general rule that is directed away from the growing end of long bone is determined in this study. Distance of nutrient foramina from either ends of long bones are more in males than females. Single nutrient foramen is common in females whereas multiple nutrient foramena in males. Femur showed highest number of nutrient foramena in 2 nd segment in males and females only 1% shows multiple nutrient foramens in second segment. Two nutrient foramens were found in 68% of femur, 14% of tibia, 20% of fibula and only 10% of Humerus while it is less in females.

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