Quality Issues in Measurement

Abstract

Summary Measurement error affects all kinds of statistical data, i.e. data which are used as the basis for decisions. In this paper the concept of statistical control of the measurement process, the need for replication and reproducibility, and the meaning of accuracy and precision are explored. Seven examples from widely diferent subject-matter areas are used to illustrate the steps taken to gain statistical control, to reduce measurement error, and to report the limitations of the data. This paper is based on a somewhat different version presented at the meetings of the International Statistical Institute in Madrid, September 1983, as the Mahalanobis Lecture.

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