Multidetector Computed Tomographic Study of Amulets, Jewelry, and Other Foreign Objects in Royal Egyptian Mummies Dated From the 18th to 20th Dynasties

Sahar N. Saleem · Zahi Hawass

22 citations0/0 files storedJournal of Computer Assisted Tomography

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Paleopathology and ancient diseases Ancient Egypt and Archaeology Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to study the role of multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in the analysis of foreign objects found within or on the royal Egyptian mummies. METHODS: We studied MDCT images of 15 royal Egyptian mummies (1493-1156 BC) for the presence of foreign objects. We studied each found object for its location, morphology, dimensions, and density in correlation with the archeologic literature. RESULTS: We detected 14 objects in 6 mummies: a heart amulet, 3 Eye of Horus, 4 Sons of Horus, a crowned-Osiris amulet, 2 bracelets, 2 sets of beads/stones, and an arrowhead that may be linked to injury. The MDCT images suggested the material of the objects to be metal (n = 6), semiprecious stone (n = 1), quartzlike (faience) (n = 2), and fired clay (n = 5). Placement of an amulet within the heart supports our knowledge that its funeral purpose was meant for the purpose of protection. CONCLUSIONS: Multidetector computed tomography offers a detailed noninvasive analysis of objects on/in mummies and differentiates funerary objects from those that may be related to cause of death.

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References

2010Ancestry and Pathology in King Tutankhamun's Family 2005The complete royal families of ancient Egypt 2003Whole-Body Three-Dimensional Multidetector CT of 13 Egyptian Human Mummies 1980An X-Ray Atlas of the Royal Mummies 2012Revisiting the harem conspiracy and death of Ramesses III: anthropological, forensic, radiological, and genetic study 2004Diagnostic paleoradiology of mummified tissue: interpretation and pitfalls.2009The Gods of the Egyptians: Or, Studies in Egyptian Mythology 2012New radiological approach for analysis and identification of foreign objects in ancient and historic mummies

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