The relationships of head length and breadth in Tokyo children.

Abstract

I measured the head length, head breadth and stature of 140 boys and 141 girls in Tokyo, aged 7 to 13. Head size increased according to age, but head form was constant. The boys' heads were wider (rounder) than the girls'. Compared with data obtained in Shikoku in 1928, there was no secular change in head length, whereas the present children had significantly broader heads. The regression lines of Y=aX+b, log Y=aX+b, and log Y=alogX+b, in which Y was head length or breadth and X was stature, presented nearly the same linearity. The correlation cofficients between head length and stature, and head breadth and stature were about 0.4 in both sexes, which was statistically significant. But there was no correlation between head length and breadth. Comparing regression lines obtained from individual data (age-independent regressions) and those from mean values (age-dependent regressions), the latter correlation coefficients were naturally higher than the former, while slopes and intercepts were nearly the same in head length or breadth/stature relationships, but different in head breadth/head length relationships.

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