The “Escuelas Pías” of Mexico City: 1786-1820

Abstract

The year of 1786 was one of famine and disease in New Spain. The effects of the unseasonable frost which had destroyed the corn crop in August of the previous year were felt especially in Mexico City. Hungry peasants and Indians flocked to the capital where they encountered masses of unemployed artisans. Prices of basic commodities soared; epidemic disease plagued the population, particularly among the poor; and crime increased. Social unrest and desperation rose to a peak, causing government and church authorities to enact a series of emergency measures designed to aid the indigent and punish grain speculators.

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