Notes on the Flattened Tibia of the Earliest Jomon Juvenile from Kamikuroiwa, Japan

Abstract

The tibia of a juvenile, aged 12 to 14 years, excavated from the rockshelter at Kamikuroiwa, Japan, dating in the middle of the Earliest stage of the Jomon period (ca. 6000 B. C.), exhibits a marked degree of platycnemia (cnemic index, 54.7). In comparison with the juvenile tibia belonging to the Late to Latest Jomon stages (ca. 2000 to 300 B. C.), it is suggested that the Earliest Jomon people growed and decayed slightly earlier than the Late-Latest. Archaeological evidence indicates that the Jomon people improved and broadened their subsistence economy from the Earliest to the Latest stage. In fact, the tibial diaphysis of the Earliest Jomon adults is slenderer than that of the Late-Latest. It is probable that the flattening of the juvenile tibia from Kamikuroiwa is not initiated by peculiarities of muscle action, but caused by the nutritional deficiency, in relation to the mechanical necessity for the stresses and strains of posture and locomotion.

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