The Modern Evolutionary Theory

Abstract

Of all of Darwin's evolutionary theories, the one that encountered the greatest resistance, and was therefore the last one to be accepted, was the theory of natural selection. It was only about 1940 that it was adopted by the majority of biologists. In order to understand why it encountered this resistance, it is necessary to survey the history of evolutionary biology. When Darwin, in 1859, proposed his theory of natural selection, it was opposed at once not by just one but actually by four different counterproposals. One, of course, was Creationism, the other three were purely scientific theories, without any invocation of supernatural factors. These three theories were trans-

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