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JEAN-CLÉMENT MARTIN About the "génocide vendéen” This paper is devoted to a French historiographical quarrel about the •genocide of the Vendée”, to use the words asserted by an historian, in 1985, who accused the French revolutionaries to have committed such a genocide in western France during the 1790’. The main interest of what could appear as a rather common debate is the great echo given to this thesis far from the historian community. Three conclusions can be driven from this case study. Firstly this event take place in the long story of the Vendée which had been always one of the "lieu de mémoire” in the French conflicting community, but changed the signification of history. Secondly, this quarrel was one of the new intellectual debates, involved in social commitments, at that time. Thirdly, it showed the lack of unity in the French society about the definitions of what ought to be an "historian” and "the history”.
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