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In defending themselves against criticism of Operation Ossavakim the mass evacuation of German and technicians and their families from East Germany and Berlin during the night of 21-22 October 1946-the Russians accused the Americans and British of having done the same thing in 1945, when their troops withdrew from Thuringia and Saxony late in June and early in July.1 Reacting to the Russian deputy military governor's statement in private that everyone knows that Americans forcibly removed large numbers of German scientists when they left Thuringia in 1945, Robert Murphy, the United States political adviser in Berlin, reported to Washington that I doubted his statement.2 Murphy's response is interesting and significant for several reasons. First, it carefully avoided a discussion of what Americans had done in 1945, perhaps out of ignorance, possibly to admit to precedent that would take the heat off the Russians for what they were doing at the time. Second, it followed a precedent set by President Harry S. Truman at Potsdam, when despite contrary advice from experts in his delegation he replied to Joseph Stalin's charge that the Americans and British had removed materiel and people from Thuringia and Saxony, saying that no people had been removed by the
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