Oil and Politics in Sudan

Abstract

Sudan’s attempts to tap its oil resources to secure domestic energy needs and generate hard currency have shown mixed results, mirroring its fraught efforts to achieve political stability while alternating between long periods of military rule and brief spells of parliamentary government. The oil industry in Sudan has gone through two principal phases, separated by an interlude when exploration was interrupted: the period of oil exploration, from the 1950s until the exit of Chevron from Sudan in 1992, followed by the decade of substantial oil production, 1999–2011. The separation of South Sudan in July 2011 marks a new phase, requiring the reorganization of the industry to cope with reduced production and the division of assets between two independent countries.

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