An Artificial Intelligence-Based Approach for Simulating Pedestrian Movement

Yi Ma · Eric Wai Ming Lee · Richard K.K. Yuen

85 citations0/0 files storedIEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems

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Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics Traffic control and management Urban Design and Spatial Analysis

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel approach for simulating pedestrian movement behavior based on artificial intelligence technology. Within this approach, a large volume of microscopic pedestrian movement behavior types were collected and encapsulated into an artificial neural network via network training. The trained network was then fed back into a simulation environment to predict the pedestrian movement. Two simulation experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the approach. First, a pedestrian-collision-avoidance test was conducted, and the results showed that virtual pedestrians with learned pedestrian behavior can move reasonably to avoid potential collisions with other pedestrians. In addition, a critical parameter, i.e., defined as “reacting distance” and determined to be 2.5 m, represented the boundary of the collision buffer zone. Second, a pedestrian counterflow in a road-crossing situation was simulated, and the results were compared with the real-life scenario. The comparison revealed that the pedestrian distributions, erratic trajectories, and density-speed fundamental diagram in the simulation are reasonably consistent with the real-life scenario. Furthermore, a quantitative indicator, i.e., the relative distance error, was calculated to evaluate the simulation error of pedestrians' trajectories between the simulation and the real-life scenario, the mean of which was calculated to be 0.322. This revealed that the simulation results were acceptable from an engineering perspective, and they also showed that the approach could reproduce the lane-formation phenomenon. We considered the proposed approach to be capable of simulating human-like microscopic pedestrian flow.

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References

1995Social force model for pedestrian dynamics 1998Forecasting with artificial neural networks:2001Simulation of pedestrian dynamics using a two-dimensional cellular automaton 2005Self-Organized Pedestrian Crowd Dynamics: Experiments, Simulations, and Design Solutions 2002A continuum theory for the flow of pedestrians 2008Modeling crowd evacuation of a building based on seven methodological approaches 2005Pedestrian Behavior at Bottlenecks 1999Jamming transition in pedestrian counter flow

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