This article presents considerations concerning the multiplicity and theoretical diversity of psychology, and the relationship between theory and practice in the training process of psychologists. Data was collected from three surveys on students and professors of psychology. The results were discussed based on two Brazilian documents: Resolution No. 5 of the Conselho Nacional de Educacao (National Council of Education) of the Ministry of Education, and the Conselho Regional de Psicologia 2013 (Regional Psychology Council 2013) text on the training process of psychologists, committed to the needs of the brazilian population. The research revealed three central issues faced by students from the two universities: the theoretical multiplicity and diversity of psychology, the lack of unity in the science and the profession, and the detachment between theory and practice. In academic discourse, there is a gap where there should be a discussion about how to transform theoretical concepts into professional practice.
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