Chemical analysis for the scientific examination of questioned documents

Abstract

This chapter focuses on applications of chemistry related to the materials used to construct a document, such as writing inks, paper, printing inks, and toner. It discusses the evolution of analytical tests used to examine documents, and provides an overview of current methods including strengths, limitations, and the interpretation of findings. The chapter describes two different approaches of using analytical methods for the dating of documents to include the examination of items in or on documents such as inks, papers, and their components: static approach and dynamic approach. Although the emphasis of the chapter is on the chemical analysis of documents, it is critical to understand that physical and optical examinations are requisite before conducting chemical examinations. Crime scenes that involve questioned documents can range from matters of national security to the counterfeiting of a driver's license at the local library.

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