The status of women: indicators for twenty-five countries.

Sunita Kishor · Katherine Neitzel

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Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics Income, Poverty, and Inequality Gender, Education, and Development Issues

Abstract

This volume provides a comparative analysis of womens status measures for 25 developing countries that participated in Demographic and Health Surveys. Topics include gender and poverty female headship female education womens work and workload womens marriage patterns and sexual activity the status of currently married women and summary measures of womens status. Womens status measures are compared to mens. Findings indicate that in most sub-Saharan countries the poorer adult households were more likely to be female headed. There was no clear pattern in Egypt and Morocco. Asian countries showed a pattern if any of richer female households. Women held a more favorable position in Latin American and Caribbean countries. In almost all countries at least 1 in 10 households were headed by women. Female headship was more common in sub-Saharan Africa and less common in Asia. Female heads were more likely than other women to be older less educated widowed with higher parity and currently employed. Women were much more likely to be illiterate than men in all countries with the exception of the Dominican Republic and Brazil. Countries that showed equality in access to education or improved education for women across cohorts were Brazil Colombia the Dominican Republic Madagascar Namibia Paraguay and the Philippines. In all sub-Saharan countries and a few in Latin America under 33% of women had ever used a modern contraceptive. Womens employment was highest in sub-Saharan Africa. The median age of first marriage ranged from 14 years in Bangladesh to 25 years in Namibia. At least 1/4 women 20-29 years old had a birth before 20 years of age. Latin American countries the Philippines in Asia and Namibia in sub-Saharan Africa had the highest threshold measure of womens status.

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References

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