Characteristics and Proximal Outcomes of Calls Made to Suicide Crisis Hotlines in California

Rajeev Ramchand · Lisa H. Jaycox · Patricia A. Ebener · Mary Lou Gilbert · Dionne Barnes‐Proby · Prodyumna Goutam

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Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Psychiatric care and mental health services Grief, Bereavement, and Mental Health

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Suicide hotlines are commonly used to prevent suicides, although centers vary with respect to their management and operations. AIMS: To describe variability across suicide prevention hotlines. METHOD: Live monitoring of 241 calls was conducted at 10 suicide prevention hotlines in California. RESULTS: Call centers are similar with respect to caller characteristics and the concerns callers raise during their calls. The proportion of callers at risk for suicide varied from 3 to 57%. Compliance with asking about current suicide risk, past ideation, and past attempts also ranged considerably. Callers to centers that were part of the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline (NSPL) were more likely to experience reduced distress than callers to centers that were not part of the NSPL. CONCLUSION: Because callers do not generally choose the center or responder that will take their call, it is critical to promote quality across call centers and minimize the variability that currently exists. Accrediting bodies, funders, and crisis centers should require that centers continuously monitor calls to ensure and improve call quality.

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References

2005Suicide Risk in Relation to Psychiatric Hospitalization 2007An Evaluation of Crisis Hotline Outcomes Part 2: Suicidal Callers 2013Impact of Applied Suicide Intervention Skills Training on the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline 2007An Evaluation of Crisis Hotline Outcomes Part 1: Nonsuicidal Crisis Callers 2012National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: Enhancing Mental Health Care for Suicidal Individuals and Other People in Crisis 2007Which Helper Behaviors and Intervention Styles are Related to Better Short‐Term Outcomes in Telephone Crisis Intervention? Results from a Silent Monitoring Study of Calls to the U.S. 1–800‐SUICIDE Network 2003Telephone Counselling for Adolescent Suicide Prevention: Changes in Suicidality and Mental State from Beginning to End of a Counselling Session 2007Establishing Standards for the Assessment of Suicide Risk Among Callers to the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline

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2019Suicide and suicide risk

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