1923-1950 YILLARI ARASINDA TÜRKİYE’DE KENT VE KENTLEŞME OLGUSU

Abstract

In this article, the laws since 1923 regarding urban, urbanization, zoning and applications on these areas are elaborated. Up until 1950’s, there was not a significant urbanization movement in Turkey except the city of Ankara. Ankara, which was declared as the new capital city, began to develop rapidly and started to receive migration after the date of being the capital. Laws and plannings regarding the cities as well as construction activities and other applications in urban planning firstly started in the Ankara district and these applications have been a model for other cities. Just after the end of World War II, the squatter housing phenomena intitially started in Ankara before the squatter housing trend in Turkey which is occured as a result of the internal migration from rural to urban that is stimulated by the mechanization in agriculture, expansion of the highway network, the transition to multiparty regime and other factors.The ones who came to Ankara to work initially built buildings called “baraka” (shanty) in the neighborhoods which are mentioned in a law dated 1924, they were close to business centers and settled areas, and they were located in the areas without building permission, these jerry-built houses can be considered as the pioneers of squatter houses. Squatter houses became prevalent in Ankara and in other big cities of Turkey before 1950’s.

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