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The group "Rennfeuer" carried out experiments of smelting iron ore using the direct method. Tue furnace used for this experiment was copied after the early medieval type from Boécourt (Canton of Jura). The hematite ore, which came from the modern mine of Gonzen (Canton of St. Gallen), had never before been successfully smelted in experiments. Measurements made by the EMPA during the experiments and on the products allow a comparison between experimental and archaeological reality. The results show that the experimental procedure does not correspond with archaeological facts, although iron and tapped slag was produced. Nevertheless, the experimentally produced iron can be defined by its trace elements, and this pattern makes it possible to determine with reasonable certainty whether or not archaeological finds were produced with iron ore from the Gonzen mine.
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