“Ecology” in the ancient Mediterranean

Abstract

Like many of the topics covered in these volumes “ecology” is a modern construct, treated by ancient writers as part of a larger understanding of the human race and the history and future of the earth. Deriving from the Greek oiκoς (house), the modern science explores how organisms (including people) relate to each other and their environment. Here we survey ancient Mediterranean views of “ecology,” including how climate shapes character and physical traits. We also explore the ecological impact of human activities and technologies that result in, e.g., deforestation, stresses on water resources, soil erosion and pollution, with a focus on how these has been perceived in ancient times.

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