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Successive governments have promised to reform criminal justice in England and Wales, and to make it more efficient and more effective in preventing and reducing crime. They have introduced a continuous series of legislative and administrative reforms and massive increases in expenditure. And yet — especially following the August 2011 riots — there is still a recurring sense of uncertainty about the direction that any further reforms should take. This book reviews the policies which governments have adopted over the last thirty years; the more recent developments in sentencing, policing, community sentences, prisons and the governance of criminal justice; and the lessons that can be learned from them. It offers a principled framework for the development of policy, legislation and practice, arguing with examples for an approach that is focused first on people and their capacities, situations and relationships, and on treating them with humanity and respect, and only then on reforming institutions, structures and systems. The book makes suggestions for ways in which opposing views and attitudes might be more often reconciled, based on promoting procedural justice and legitimacy; fostering human decency and civility; and enabling prevention, restoration and desistance from crime. The book brings together contrasting but complementary academic and public service perspectives, and links criminal justice with wider issues of government and public administration.
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