Performing the Nation-State: Rebel Governance and Symbolic Processes1

Abstract

Rebel groups frequently deploy resources as symbolic expressions of power. What purposes do they serve, particularly in regards to the civilian–rebel relationship? Contrary to analyses that treat such actions as merely rhetorical, I argue that symbolic processes can serve both instrumental and normative purposes for an insurgent government. Specifically, symbolic processes reduce the need for a rebellion to use force to ensure compliance. In addition, they may increase civilian identification with the rebel government, producing several distinct benefits. This chapter illustrates these arguments, drawing on cases from around the world. Insurrection is an art, and like all arts has its own laws. – Leon Trotsky

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