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From the moment television broadcasting started in China in the late 1950s, Biaozhun Putonghua (Standard General Speech, commonly known as Mandarin Chinese) was used as the main official broadcasting language. 1 State policy repeatedly emphasized that standard speech should be used in broadcasting (SARFT 2005, 2009). Even now, the state broadcasting administrative authorities impose strict censorship and control on language use in television production. For example, all broadcasters have to go though strict Mandarin proficiency tests before they can appear on screen (SARFT 2004b). These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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Stored only when both papers are in the corpus — 1 citations exist upstream.
Papers that cite the same references — the relational fallback while embeddings are still backfilling.
Imported from OpenAlex (CC0) — nothing here is generated.