Role of Reference Materials and Reference Methods in the Measurement Process

Abstract

ABSTRACT Reference Materials (called Standard Reference Materials SRM's by the National Bureau of Standards, NBS) are two important mechanisms being utilized to assure the accuracy and compatibility of measurements in large measurement systems. SRM's are materials whose properties (compositional and/or physical) have been well-characterized and certified by NBS. Reference Methods are analytical methods having high accuracy and precision, which have been thoroughly demonstrated. A systems approach to establishing accurate measurement systems is presented. Reference materials and reference methods assist in the transfer of accuracy gained in the experimental realization of base measurement units to the performance of measurements in the field. The application of the systems approach to "real world" situations is illustrated through the presentation of four examples: (1) The measurement of calciumin serum; (2) The determination of NO 2 in ambient air; (3) The analysis of trace levels of mercury in water; and (4) The measurement of chromium in biological matrices.

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